As far as anyone's been able to determine, mechanically, the only effect of Corruption in game right now is that it increases the amount of Nerd Blackmail you have to deal with every day if you don't select an edict that removes it. Aside from that, there's nothing else at the time being, or if there is, it's so hidden in some corner of the code or another that no one's seen it yet.
There's been plenty of speculation about the stat, obviously, and there's no doubt that it's going to play some part in the endings, but the details are yet to be seen. Odds are we'll know more as further levels are added to the game, and that the Nerd Blackmail thing is just the first mechanic that interacts with the stat directly.
That said... it's quite interesting that this one mechanic treats Corruption in a Negative fashion, when the majority of the options that actually add Corruption to Karryn's score are a net positives in some fashion or another, like the trinkets she can buy, which at the very least boost her Charm if they're not otherwise useful. Even options that boost Guard Aggression and whatnot can be positives on a slut-build, or irrelevant on any build that keeps pleasure and slut-level low as part of their intended goal...