But if you are redirecting users, it is not like patreon will see it is adult content since nothing 18+ is there on the page. So providing just name and country doesn't matter.
And so what ?
If it's illegal in your country, don't do it, period.
As for the rest... Patreon it's around 200,000 creators, and I don't know how many millions patrons. For them you are nobody, no one at Patreon care who you can be. They have other things, way more important, and surely also way more interesting, to do than searching for all the creators in real life, then telling to everyone they know that they are producing adult content.
All this being said, I'm tempted to add that if you don't want to provide your ID to Patreon, you shouldn't be an adult content creator at all. It's something that will be a part of your life, and if you don't want someone who don't know you and don't care at all about you, to know that you are doing it, what can be said about the persons who know you and possibly care ?
You'll live in constant paranoia, fearing that your co-workers, your boss, your friends, or your family will discover the truth, or that one day, being too tired, you'll let it slip in the conversation. You'll pass your time lying, inventing excuse to not do this or that, because you've to works on your game, but you can't tell that you are working on a game by fear that they ask for more, want to know what game it is, if they can play it, and all.
It's just not a life.
What don't mean that all adult content creators are openly talking about what they are doing. But they don't fear that it's discovered. Therefore they don't feel the need to lie, they just avoid the question as long as they can do it.
They age faster than anyone else because it's fucking tiring, not because they live in fear.
