I take it the girls who are firing arrows are just normal native females since it doesn't look like they do anything different from a typical native female with a bow.
Elite Native Female (and Female DLC) have faster attack animations (melee and bow) and significantly increased range with the bow.
The animations also look different and they actually wield their weapons like trained warriors instead of randos swinging an axe for the first time. They also move more "professionally".
Say, what exactly is the difference between normal and elite at the same level? Do they have better base stats or different stat distribution? if not, I'd rather rely on my great-great-great-great-great-granddaughters/wives
They almost always have the same stats but have much, much better attacks. Most elite natives (male, female, DLC, small) get faster attack animations. Elite Bigfoot deals slightly more damage with his AoE and multhit moves (higher percentage multiplier) and has a new triple attack. Elite Large Native Male gets an AoE ground smash attack, while Elite Large Female Native gets the aforementioned "shield" move.
Elite Underground Woman/Sadako (and her children who inherit her Elite status) show the most drastic change, with different appearances and psychic powers. Sadako also gets her speed increased by 1.0 (effectively an x6 multiplier) as part of the process of turning her elite.
Elite units basically turn their non-elite counterparts obsolete. Especially for Sadako and her children, with non-elite Underground Women and her children being completely useless since they're just slow melee units with no psychic powers. The only exception I can think of are the Large Female Native; her elite counterpart is more of a sidegrade into a "tank" role since she will spend more time blocking instead of attacking more often, unlike the non-elite ones.