One more point for Henri, Malik and Bernhardt. It might not be that "they're the strongest because they evolved first ad level 5s have a faster growth rate." It might be reversing cause and effect. Like... "they're level 5 because they're the strongest, and crazy enough to go above and beyond."
Henri seems to be a reality warper, and I'd guess literally used his power to evolve himself.
Bernhardt is Absolutely Power obsessed, to the point he makes Ella look like Jake, while Malik probably watched Bernhardt ad realized "Someone needs to be able to kill my friend Bernhardt if he goes apeshit, and it should probably be me considering Future sight doesn't let us inherently change the future, he can turn invisible so Nyx can't see him, and no number of clones could stop him if he turned into a tornado or something."
Out of Left Field side note, I think Lucius is stronger than You all assume (Having absolutely no idea if any of you are underestimating Clone Boy, I just know that I don't respect him, and am hedging my bets against bias of him being goofy.) Gog Agog, The Worm from Kill Six Billion Demons kind of shows what "duplication" can do as a power in their fight against Jagganoth. Building constructs out of their own body and encasing a planetoid in a shell of clones, and then launching basically Kill Sat lasers made of their own flesh, all at "combat speed." No matter how strong Malik or Bernhardt is, depending on how efficient Lucius can be, They might not have The Juice to fully kill him. Meanwhile, if he can copy items (which it seems he can, considering his Outfit) he can probably represent a non-zero threat, and any non-zero number times infinity is infinity. Plus, he implies that there isn't a "main body" which is every clone haver in comics easy-made weakness. If they're all equally real, even if they share an ultimate power source, he could just have clones in every single city, making it impossible to fully get rid of him without some metaphysical stuff, or doing a genocide against all life. Not just all Humans, but all superhumans too.
Then again, compared to Bernhardt, he actually seems like a pretty chill guy, so he probably won't do any of that. Just speaking up for this dingus who IS a captain and sits at the cool kids table.