For the longships, I couldn't find that much information either, so I based this part of the story on various sources, especially to know how long it's supposed to have taken. If you want more information, I took liberties with what I read
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and
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Well, the basic idea of all Viking ships was the same:
- Clinker built (overlapping wooden planks on frames, with keel)
- Foreward and aft symmetrical
- High, curved bow and stem
- One square sail in the centre of the ship
This did not differ too much from ships used by other people around the North Sea btw.
The Vikings did have several variations around this theme.
The longship was long, narrow and fast. Because of this, they couldn't carry a lot of cargo, limiting their use to war only. They were also costly, both to build and to man, so limited to the richer chieftains / sea kings.
The knarr was short-ish, wide and slow. It could carry a lot of cargo but was not so useful in war because of a lack of speed.
Then there were a lot of intermediate types, like the Gokstad ship, and there were also ships more intended as yachts, like the Oseberg ship.
Although the type of ship used in the Vinland expeditions is unknown, it is likely to resemble the Gokstad ship, as an intermediate all-purpose ship, rather than the real longships. I imagine this type also to be more seaworthy than the more extreme Longship or Knarr.
In 1893, a replica of the Gokstad ship crossed the Atlantic in 44 days.
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