The free customization seen at the start of the game is the only time you can use that method. For the rest of the game you can use potions, laboratory, Customization section of slave tab(hair style and tattoos), and the mutation spell(random changes) to alter appearance, though many require upgrades.
The heal spell is the only way to heal mid-battle, though many times you have already lost if you need it. Bandages can be used while exploring through the "Control" button, or at the mansion through the inventory.
Reputation can be seen in approximate values when inspecting the player character, which is the third button from the right in the mansion.
Player endurance increases the number of interaction points at odd values.
There is no way to choose freely the sexual traits of your slaves, but most of them can be gained depending on your actions. The Elixir of Clarity can be used to remove physical or mental traits depending on application. The wiki has a list of traits and how to get them, though it is not completely correct. "Pervert" requires high lust and has a chance per perverted action. There is no limit to the number of traits, but some conflict with others thus preventing the conflict from being gained.